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Institutions are required to submit information on all eligible books for each year of the research outputs reference period.

Eligible books are those that meet all of the following criteria:

• Be a major work of scholarship;
• Be offered for sale in the form of:
  • hard copies, bound,
  • CD-ROMs, packaged, and/or
  • e-books, on subscription or fee basis;
• Have an International Standard Book Number (ISBN);
• Be entirely written by a single author, or by joint authors who share responsibility for the whole book; and
• Have been published by a commercial publisher.

The following types of books are likely to meet the eligibility criteria for the ‘Book’ output type:

• critical scholarly texts;
• new interpretations of historical events; and
• new ideas or perspectives based on established research findings.

Many of the books published by professional bodies do not report original research findings but report the results of evaluations, or repackage existing information for the benefit of professionals or practitioners. It is important that institutions assess these outputs very carefully against the definition of research and only count those books for this output type which report research activities.

The following types of books are unlikely to meet the eligibility criteria for the ‘Book’ output type:

• textbooks;
• anthologies;
• edited books; and
• revisions or new editions.

Institutions are required to submit information on all eligible book chapters for each year of the research outputs reference period.

Eligible book chapters are those that meet all of the following criteria:

• be a contribution, consisting substantially of new material, to an edited compilation in which the material is subject to editorial scrutiny. A book chapter may be included if it has been published previously, provided it constitutes substantial new knowledge and constitutes original research;
• be a chapter in a book that is offered for sale in the form of:
  • hard copies, bound,
  • CD-ROMs, packaged, and/or
  • e-books, on subscription or fee basis;
• be a chapter in a book that has an International Standard Book Number (ISBN); and
• be a chapter in a book that has been published by a commercial publisher.

A book chapter may be included if it has been published previously as long as it constitutes substantial new knowledge and constitutes original research.

The following types of book chapters are likely to meet the eligibility criteria for the ‘Book Chapter’ output type:

• scholarly introduction of chapter length to an edited volume, where the content of the introduction reports research and makes a substantial contribution to a defined area of knowledge;
• critical scholarly text of chapter length; and
• critical review of current research.

The following types of book chapters are unlikely to meet the eligibility criteria for the ‘Book Chapter’ output type:

• chapters in textbooks;
• entries in reference books;
• anthologies;
• revisions of chapters in edited books;
• forewords;
• brief introductions;
• brief editorials; and
• appendices.

Institutions are required to submit information on all eligible journal articles published in so-called ranked journals for each year of the research outputs reference period.

Eligible journal articles are those that have been published in a scholarly peer-reviewed journal listed in the ERA Submission Journal List.

An acceptable peer review process is one that involves an assessment or review, before publication, of the research output in its entirety by independent, qualified experts. Independent in this context means independent of the author.

The following types of journal articles are likely to meet the eligibility criteria for the ‘Journal Article’ output type:

• commentaries and communications of original research;
• research notes;
• letters to journals, provided that the letter satisfies the definition of research and the subsequent definitions for journal articles provided above;
• critical scholarly texts which appear in article form;
• articles reviewing multiple works or an entire field of research;
• invited papers in journals;
• articles in journals which are targeted to both scholars and professionals; and
• articles in a stand-alone series.

The following types of journal articles are unlikely to meet the eligibility criteria for the ‘Journal Article’ output type:

• letters to the editor;
• case studies;
• articles designed to inform practitioners on existing knowledge in a professional field;
• articles in newspapers and popular magazines;
• editorials;
• book reviews; and
• brief commentaries and communications of original research.

Indexed and Non-indexed Journal Articles

There are two forms of the research output type ‘journal article’ – indexed and non-indexed.

An ‘indexed journal article’ will have a unique article identifier and will have been indexed by the citation data supplier Scopus. If the field of research will use citation analysis as an indicator, the number of apportioned indexed journal articles in an institution’s submission will determine whether the field of research will be assessed, either at the four-digit FoR level or (if relevant) the two-digit FoR level. This low volume threshold is set at 50 apportioned indexed journal articles.

For fields of research were citation analysis is not used, all journal articles are non-indexed for the purposes of ERA.

Institutions are required to submit information on all eligible peer-reviewed conference publications for each year of the research outputs reference period.

Eligible conference publications are those that meet all of the following criteria:

• be published in full. The publications may appear in a number of different formats, e.g. a volume of proceedings, a special edition of a journal, a normal issue of a journal, a book or a monograph, CD- or DVD-ROM or conference or organisational website;
• be peer reviewed. For ERA purposes, an acceptable peer review process is one that involves an assessment or review, before publication, of the research output in its entirety by independent, qualified experts. Independent in this context means independent of the author. A statement from an author that a research output was peer reviewed is not sufficient evidence; and
• be presented at conferences, workshops or seminars of national or international significance.

The types of conference publications that are unlikely to meet the criteria include

• Keynote addresses
• Plenary addresses
• Participation in discussions as a panel member
• Poster presentations
• Facilitation of workshops at conferences
• Abstracts of conference publications
• Papers that appear only in a volume handed out to conference participants.

Research outputs are eligible as Original Creative Works only where the relevant eligible researcher is the creator of the creative work rather than, for example, the curator of an exhibition of creative works produced by others. If selected for ERA peer review, a research statement must be provided.

The exhibition of an original creative work can be used to demonstrate that the work has been made publicly available, but each instance of such a research output can only be claimed once. Exhibited creative works can be submitted as either:

• a single item exhibited as an individual creative work (equal to one research output); or
• a portfolio of works exhibited as a cohesive/thematic collection of the work of a single creator (also equal to one research output).

Sub-categories of original creative works are provided in the following table:

For Live Performance of Creative Works, the actual public performance is what is claimed. If these research outputs are selected for ERA peer review, then some form of supporting documentation, in addition to the Research Statement for ERA Peer Review of Non-Traditional Research Outputs, should be made available via the institutionally supported repository to facilitate the ERA peer review process. Documentation may be in the form of a recording of the performance, reviews, performance programs or other material that the institution considers useful to the ERA peer review process.

Sub-categories of live performance of creative works are provided in the following table:

For Recorded/Rendered Creative Works, the research component is contained within the recording/rendering. Simple documentations of live performances of creative works without a research component are not eligible to be submitted as this research output type, but may be submitted as supporting material under Live Performance of Creative Works.

Sub-categories of recorded/rendered creative works are provided in the following table:

This research output type is specifically aimed at research outputs produced by curators rather than artists (although exhibition catalogues written by curators should be submitted as Original Creative Works, in the ‘Textual work’ sub-category—see above).

Where a curator is an eligible researcher, the curator may claim exhibitions, festivals and other events as research outputs. Artists may claim exhibitions of their original creative works under the Original Creative Works research output type, where the exhibition of the creative works is used as evidence that those works have been made publicly available.

Multiple exhibitions/events cannot be counted as multiple research outputs where the repeated exhibitions/events do not introduce a new research component to the work. For example, a touring exhibition can only be counted once. Multiple exhibitions/events may each be counted where each subsequent exhibition/event introduces a new research component to the work that builds upon the initial research component of the original exhibition/event.

Recurring exhibitions and events may be submitted. For example, the Biennale of Sydney is a recurring event with each occurrence being unique rather than a repeat of the previous occurrence.

Sub-categories of Curated or Produced Substantial Public Exhibitions and Events are as follows:

A Research Report for an External Body is a written research output commissioned or solicited by an external body such as a government department or private company.

Sub-categories of Research Report for an External Body are as follows:

The following examples are likely to be ineligible for submission under this subcategory:

• submissions to public inquires and consultations, including government or parliamentary inquiries;
• policy blogs or online commentaries/articles; and
• briefing notes.

In some cases, the above items may be eligible as part of a portfolio.